Suggested Historical Skill: Continuity and Change

Explain how a specific historical development or process is situated within a broader historical context.

Chapter 21 – Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism

States and Other Institutions of Power

European states and nations developed governmental and civil institutions from 1450 to the present to organize society and consolidate political power, with a variety of social, cultural, and economic effects.

Suggested Historical Skill: Continuity and Change

Explain how a historical development or process relates to another historical development or process.

States and Other Institutions of Power

European states and nations developed governmental and civil institutions from 1450 to the present to organize society and consolidate political power, with a variety of social, cultural, and economic effects.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Corroborate, qualify, or modify an argument using diverse and alternative evidence in order to develop a complex argument. This argument might:

  • Explain nuance of an issue by analyzing multiple variables.
  • Explain relevant and insightful connections within and across periods.
  • Explain the relative historical significance of a source’s credibility and limitations.
  • Explain how or why a historical claim or argument is or is not effective.

Cultural and Intellectual Developments

The creation and transmission of knowledge, including the relationship between traditional sources of authority and the development of differing world views, had significant political, intellectual, economic, cultural, and social effects on European and world societies.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Explain how a specific historical development or process is situated within a broader historical context.

Chapter 22 – An Age of Nationalism and Realism

Economic and Commercial Developments

Economic development, especially the development of capitalism, played an important role in Europe’s history, often having significant social, political, and cultural effects.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Explain how a specific historical development or process is situated within a broader historical context.

Chapter 23 – Mass Society in an Age of Progress

Technological and Scientific Innovation

Scientific and technological innovations have increased efficiency, improved daily life, and shaped human development and interactions, having both intended and unintended consequences.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Identify patterns among or connections between historical developments and processes.

Social Organization and Development

Economic, political, and cultural factors have influenced the form and status of family, class, and social groups in European history, which has, in turn, affected both the individual and society.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Compare the arguments or main ideas of two sources.

Social Organization and Development

Economic, political, and cultural factors have influenced the form and status of family, class, and social groups in European history, which has, in turn, affected both the individual and society.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Explain the point of view, purpose, historical situation, and/or audience of a source.

States and Other Institutions of Power

European states and nations developed governmental and civil institutions from 1450 to the present to organize society and consolidate political power, with a variety of social, cultural, and economic effects.

Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Explain how a specific historical development or process is situated within a broader historical context.


Suggested Historical Skill: Causation

Explain how a historical development or process relates to another historical development or process.